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Table 2 Weighted mean scores of cognitive functioning (on a scale of 0-100) among older adults by their background characteristics

From: Gender-specific associations between sleep quality, sleep duration and cognitive functioning among older Indians: findings from WHO-SAGE study

Variables

Men

Women

Total

Mean

95% Confidence intervals

Mean

95% Confidence intervals

Mean

95% Confidence intervals

Sleep quality

      

Good

57.48

56.57, 58.38

52.18

51.38, 52.97

54.81

54.19, 55.43

Moderate

53.9

52.37, 55.43

50.1

48.95, 51.24

51.69

50.74, 52.64

Poor

52.95

49.59, 56.30

49.79

47.45, 52.14

51.42

49.30, 53.55

Sleep duration

      

Normal

57.28

56.06, 58.50

51.68

50.77, 52.59

54.38

53.59, 55.16

Short

51.91

50.01, 53.80

48.95

47.36, 50.54

50.34

49.09, 51.59

Long

57.01

56.05, 57.97

52.2

51.12, 53.28

54.5

53.75, 55.24

Age (in years)

      

50–59

62.83

61.55, 64.11

56.41

55.41, 57.42

59.07

58.23, 59.90

60–69

58.21

56.98, 59.44

53.28

52.15, 54.41

55.8

54.94, 56.65

70–79

55.83

54.05, 57.61

48.68

47.40, 49.96

52.53

51.31, 53.75

80+

49.6

46.82,52.38

46.43

43.22, 49.64

48.22

46.13, 50.31

Level of education

      

No formal education

51.32

50.33, 52.31

50.4

49.69, 51.10

50.64

50.06, 51.22

Less than primary

57.18

55.07, 59.28

56.46

54.33, 58.58

56.87

55.35, 58.38

Primary

59.15

57.62, 60.67

59.75

58.06, 61.45

59.38

58.23, 60.52

Secondary

63.97

61.77, 66.17

62.49

60.14, 64.83

63.56

61.82, 65.29

High school

62.53

61.24, 63.83

67.62

63.71, 71.53

63.57

62.20, 64.95

College

67.34

64.20, 70.47

69.86

66.29, 73.42

67.85

65.26, 70.44

Current marital status

      

Married

59.55

58.68, 60.41

55.57

54.74, 56.40

57.8

57.18, 58.42

Widowed

53.07

51.31, 54.83

50.44

49.36, 51.52

50.97

50.03, 51.90

Others

57.22

52.84, 61.61

54.61

49.96, 59.26

56.33

52.95, 59.71

Nutritional intake (> 4 times per day)

     

No

58.52

57.57, 59.48

53.06

52.31, 53.81

55.63

55.01, 56.25

Yes

60.17

58.87, 61.48

56.78

55.28, 58.28

58.52

57.52, 59.53

Body mass index

      

Underweight

54.55

53.51, 55.60

49.6

48.47, 50.74

51.96

51.16, 52.76

Normal

60.06

58.93, 61.19

54.18

53.31, 55.05

57.2

56.45, 57.95

Overweight

63.27

61.05, 65.50

58.3

56.35, 60.24

60.35

58.83, 61.87

Obese

63.46

59.21, 67.71

59.4

56.94, 61.86

60.5

58.38, 62.62

Physical activity

      

Vigorous

59.44

58.25, 60.64

52.3

50.14, 54.45

56.95

55.80, 58.10

Moderate

59.67

57.55, 61.79

56.1

54.94, 57.26

57.32

56.24, 58.39

Light

60.68

58.96, 62.41

54.07

51.88, 56.26

58.19

56.80, 59.57

None

57.31

55.94, 58.68

52.41

51.49, 53.34

54.6

53.77, 55.43

Self-rated health

      

Very good

66.57

62.16, 70.97

60.87

57.33, 64.40

64.23

61.15, 67.32

Good

61.74

60.16, 63.32

56.12

54.86, 57.38

59

57.94, 60.06

Moderate

57.56

56.62, 58.49

53.33

52.43, 54.22

55.31

54.65, 55.97

Bad

54.08

52.42, 55.73

50.47

49.02, 51.92

51.94

50.83, 53.05

Very bad

56.2

51.92, 60.48

45.53

39.37, 51.69

50.93

46.59, 55.27

Chronic conditions

      

Zero

59.33

58.19, 60.48

53.26

52.36, 54.16

56.26

55.50, 57.02

Single

58.46

57.27, 59.65

53.58

52.31, 54.84

55.79

54.88, 56.70

Two

58.38

56.39, 60.38

55.62

53.98, 57.27

56.81

55.53, 58.09

Three and more

56.23

52.52, 59.93

55.67

51.77, 59.57

55.97

53.29, 58.65

Smoking

      

Never

58.71

57.89, 59.53

54.65

53.83, 55.47

56.05

55.33, 56.76

Currently not

58.13

56.65, 59.62

53.37

51.34, 55.41

56.24

54.79, 57.68

Currently smoking

57.85

56.68, 59.01

51.59

49.49, 53.69

56.49

55.24, 57.74

Wealth quintile

      

Poorest

53.37

52.08, 54.66

50.1

48.88, 51.31

51.56

50.68, 52.45

Poor

57.4

55.54, 59.27

51.07

49.90, 52.25

54.11

52.93, 55.29

Middle

58.43

56.74, 60.13

53.09

51.29, 54.88

55.64

54.37, 56.92

Rich

59.37

57.81, 60.92

54.1

52.75, 55.45

56.55

55.49, 57.62

Richest

64

62.16, 65.84

59.77

58.27, 61.26

61.95

60.73, 63.17

Religion

      

Hindu

59.11

58.22, 60.00

53.57

52.83, 54.32

56.21

55.61, 56.81

Muslim

58.22

56.45, 59.99

54.58

52.88, 56.28

56.35

55.12, 57.57

Others

54.81

50.40, 59.21

54.42

52.03, 56.81

54.61

52.13, 57.09

Social group

      

Scheduled castes

54.42

52.42, 56.41

51.29

49.65, 52.94

52.66

51.38, 53.94

Scheduled tribes

55.74

54.40, 57.09

50.43

49.17, 51.68

52.9

51.96, 53.84

Other backward classes

59.09

57.83, 60.35

53.85

52.76, 54.94

56.35

55.49, 57.20

Others

60.85

59.43, 62.26

55.88

54.74, 57.01

58.34

57.41, 59.28

Place of residence

      

Urban

63.49

61.23, 65.75

56.87

54.98, 58.76

59.98

58.44, 61.52

Rural

57.15

56.60, 57.71

52.51

51.97, 53.05

54.74

54.35, 55.14

States

      

Assam

55.93

54.74, 57.12

52.74

51.61, 53.87

54.26

53.43, 55.09

Karnataka

55.08

53.36, 56.80

54.8

52.95, 56.65

54.93

53.65, 56.20

Maharashtra

62.62

60.17, 65.06

54.61

52.53, 56.70

58.58

56.86, 60.30

Rajasthan

58.71

57.86, 59.57

52.07

51.24, 52.90

55.14

54.51, 55.77

Uttar Pradesh

57.97

56.88, 59.06

52.23

51.02, 53.43

55.05

54.21, 55.88

West Bengal

58.41

57.02, 59.80

55.94

54.80, 57.07

57.07

56.18, 57.96

Total

58.86

58.06, 59.66

53.72

53.05, 54.39

56.18

55.64, 56.72

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Sleep Science and Practice

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